a. very small (<1/16 inch) raised “spots” (actually fungal structures); primarily Phoenix spp.

Graphiola leaf spot (false smut) (Fig. 36)

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b. raised black, diamond-shaped “spots” (1/8 to 1/3 inch) (actually fungal structures), often accompanied by leaflet tip necrosis; (only on Washingtonia filifera in California and Arizona)

diamond scale (Fig. 37)

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c. spots are not raised

leaf spots (other than above) (Fig 21)

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potassium deficiency (Fig. 38)

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